I don't know about the earlier ones, but the later tie rod ends aren't really "adjustable". That cup and spring ls a little bit of preload to try to keep things from rattling around in there, but the ball and socket joint itself is not adjustable and wears out.
See the four weld 'dots" around the perimeter of the TRE? Back when the thing was first produced, they ran a threaded collar down against the ball inside until there was no slop. Then they threaded on the slotted "spanner" collar to lock it in place, and then they welded the whole thing together. The weld has good penetration and it joins the slotted collar, the main body, and the threaded collar all together:
Problem is, the ball and socket joint inside wears as it moves around and eventually there will be slop in the tie rod end.
As an academic exercise, I dissected a very loose ball joint donated by @Mike W a while ago. For your viewing pleasure...
After you cut through the welds and crack the slotted collar loose:
Then I cut through the welds locking the threaded collar into the main body. PITA because the heat from the welding operation and the rapid cooling spot hardened the HAZ:
But after enough perseverance, I've got this, exposing the ball and socket joint inside the TRE body. You can see the dot of welded threaded material still remaining on the collar:
And here's how the ball and socket joint works:
It was educational, but the patient did not survive.